Using Intelligent Robots to Assemble Automobile Parts.

Industrial robots are widely used in automobile assembly lines. These robots are calledindustrial robots since their goal is to follow some pre-taught paths or waypoints, which is essentially the same as automation machines. The tasks performed by these robots include welding, painting, pick-and-place in structured environment (e.g., glass installation, door installation, and nut/bolt fastening), etc.

The tasks performed by industrial robots are exciting. On the other hand, there are lots of tasks remained to be done by human workers. These tasks include (1) picking parts from cluster, (2) reorienting parts to certain poses, and (3) force-based assembly. These tasks cannot be done using industrial robots and teach pendants since: (1) The parts shapes and physical properties are varying. It is difficult to manually specify the grasping strategies for infinite number of parts. (2) The initial poses and goal poses of manipulated parts are changing. It is difficult to teach the robots all motions to reorient different parts. (3) The first two processes lead to variety in force control and assembly, which also make pre-teaching difficult.(Read more)

Modelling of Integrated Component Reliability for Helicopter Service Industry.

Various types of materials are used in the house construction industry depending on the process to be used, the specifications of instruments, or the design employed. Currently, the materials used in rapid manufacturing (RM) for considerable parts of buildings are neither biodegradable nor eco-friendly. Although themain materials in use for rapid prototyping system include thermoplasticmaterials, epoxy resin, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic, and polyester materials, many scholars have made efforts to develop biofibres as fillers and composite reinforcements for industrial building systems. Materials currently in use in RM are limited to those that can be sintered or melted and solidified quickly. 

The problem with using polymeric materials lies mainly in their price and non-ecofriendliness, both of which make the system inappropriate for adoption in the construction field. Providing an eco-friendly material with cost-effective components can allow the use of such systems within the construction industry.Kenaf fibres can be used in large quantities as excellent reinforcing fillers in plastics and in thermoplastics, such as polypropylene (PP), for their many unique properties and lower cost. Moreover, Kenaf, as a natural fibre composite, has been shown to perform better in some mechanical activities, such as flexural testing, compared with a number of other natural fibres.(Read More)

Brain-Swarm Control Interfaces: from the Control of One to the Control of Many.

Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMIs) have been one of the most influential and disruptive science fields of the past decades. Prosthetic orremotely operated robotic devices being controlled by brain signals hastransitioned from science fiction to reality. Advances in the recording electrodes technology and the machine learning and signal decoding algorithms were critical in the realization of those systems. The second decade of the 21st century brings new challenges found in both frontiers; first, advancements in neuroscience are sought via high-resolution mapping of the brain for better understanding of its function and decision making processes. 

On the robotics frontiers, the challenge of the human controlling many robots simultaneously is of utmost importance for applications spanning from industrial and entertainment, to disaster response and military. As the swarming paradigm, deriving inspiration from the behaviour of natural swarms such as bird flocks and fish schools, offers myriad advantages to a team of robots, the way humans interact and control a robotic swarm creates new avenues of research. This article summarizes recent developments and novel methods for brain-swarm interfaces, and poses challenges for the future researchers.(Read more)

Effectiveness Analysis of Double Pipe Heat Exchanger with Curls Band in Various Angles

In the modern learning, effectiveness-NTU studies in a dual tube heat exchanger armed with curly band in view of numerous angles were experimentally deliberate. Additionally, discrepancy of the Dual effectivenesswith heated water Reynolds numbers for dissimilar cold water flow rates wereobtainable. These turbulators with unlike angles of 45 L, 60 L, 90 L, 120 L and 150 L were made of electrified plates with thickness of 1 mm and were attached in the internal tube of heat exchanger. The experimentations were conceded out at Reynolds numbers of 3000–13,400 at turbulent flow establishment.

All over the research, hot and cold water rolled finished the internal pipe and the interplanetary between the pipes (annulus), correspondingly. It was strained to keep the bay hot and cold water temperatures at constant values. Effectiveness-NTU studies were made for the circumstances with and without curly bands including their different angles and associated to each other. Results displayed the substantial decision of turbulators on effectiveness (e) and number of heat transfer units (NTU) of dual tube heat exchanger. In totalling, some experiential associations uttering the domino effect were also industrialized constructed on curve fitting.(Read more)

Transformational Dosage form Can Change the Scenario of Herbal Medicine in the World: A Research Based Scientific Approach.

Traditional medicine has been empirically used for different health ailments from primitive to till now. Ancient philosophers and scientist were conducted experiment to claim the safety and efficacy of herbal medicine and formulated different hypothesis. Some of the hypotheses arealready proven by scientific justification and technological adaptation. Some are not proved by clinical trials or other interventional studies. But it has been claimed that herbal or traditional medicine has huge prospect to prove, to establish new formulation and can play great role in health disorders. 

Peoples are used to take such medicines which are easily accessible, feasible and affordable. Some formulations are not used to take by consumers because semisolid or powder forms are so bitter or pungent that these are difficult to consume. By transforming the dosage form and gather huge clinical data or result regarding safety and efficacy of herbal medicine, the medicine will become more popular medicine to the peoples and can play pivotal role in economy. That’s why; transformational dosage form can change the scenario of herbal or traditional medicine in the world.(Read more)

Electrical Engineering and Islamic Ethics.

Our actions do not affect ourselves, but it also affect people around us. Many of our professional decisions involve ethics. Ethics is the branch of philosophy, which differentiates actions as right or wrong. It is the study how people should make decisions and how those decisions affects us, other people and environment. In short ethics are the principals of right conduct. Quran stats “The noblestof you in the sight of Allah is the best of you in conduct” (49:13).

Daily people face ethical issues. Some of them include bribery, lying, frauds, violating rules and policies. These ethical issues lead to various disasters like Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Disaster, Tacoma Washington Bridge Disaster, Titanic and many others. Electrical engineers should be ethically perfect. As they are responsible for everyone lives.Islam teaches its followers to earn “Hilal” income. Hilal income is the legal and ethical way of earning. It is earned by honesty and truth. Islam forbids laziness, aversion to work and idleness at all.”(Read more)

Pseudomonas Motility and Antibiotics Resistance.

By targeting various virulence factors novel therapies can be devised for the treatment of severe infections caused by Pseudomonas species. Current therapies focus on the use of antibiotics but the development of antibiotic resistance and expression of multiple virulence factors has led to the ineffectiveness of current therapies. The main virulence determinants ofPseudomonasinfections are not only bacterial surface factors, flagella, pili and lipopolysaccharide, but also active processes such as the secretion of toxins, biofilm formation, quorum sensing as well as the involvement of swarming-swimming motility, motility enables P. aeruginosa to colonize different environments, attach to surfaces, and form biofilms.

P. aeruginosa and P. fluorescens can become resistant to certain antibiotics which further complicates the treatment of its infections. This resistance arises due to its ability to form biofilm which consist of bacterial communities embedded in an exopolysaccharide matrix (EPS). Because of their high resistance to antimicrobial and cleaning treatments,their biofilms contribute markedly to the persistence of pathogens on medical devices, leading to critical problems in terms of public health and a potentially major economic impact.(Read more)

Biosensors: Their Fundamentals, Designs, Types and Most Recent Impactful Applications: A Review

The word “sensor” find its origin from the Latin word “sentire” which basically means ‘to identify’ anything. By hearing this word sensor, the foremost thing that springs into our minds is the concept of basic five human senses: ophthalmoception, audioception, gustaoception, olfacception and tactioception.

The working mechanism of these senses is generalized as a) reception of input signal by the sensory cells because of external stimuli b) conduction of data towards the brain for interpretation as neurological impulses c) receptors respond to the stimulus as per instructed by the interoperating center. With this brief explanation of sense, more methodical and technical definition for sensor could be established which is as follows; it is a device that obtains and responds to stimulus and signals originated from the environment.(Read more)

Comparative Performance Analysis of Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Network.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) consist of wirelessly interconnected sensor nodes which can collect, deliver and process information in different application areas. Power Consumption in these networks is a major problem. 

Some of the applications include landslide detection, glacial monitoring, wildlife tracking, health care, military applications, environmental monitoring and a large number of applications to robotics, “internet of things” projects. This paper will illustrate the fundamental characteristics of WSN followed by different power consumption protocols. Here we have performed the comparative performance analysis of different power consumption protocols.(Read more)

Services for Space Mission Support Within The ESA Space Situational Awareness Space Weather Service Network

The objective of the ESA SpaceSituational Awareness (SSA) programme is to support Europe's independent utilisation of, and access to, space through the provision of timely and accurate information, data and services regarding the space environment, and particularly regarding hazards to infrastructure in orbit and on the ground.

The SSA programme will, ultimately, enable Europe to autonomously detect, predict and assess the risk to life and property due to man-made space objects (remnant debris, re-entries, in-orbit explosions and release events, in-orbit collisions, disruption of missions and satellite-based service capabilities), potential impacts of Near- Earth Objects (NEOs), and the effects of space weather phenomena on space- and ground-based infrastructure.(Read more)

Comparison of Different Methods to Estimate Mean Daily Evapotranspiration from Weekly Data at Patna, India

Crop water requirement mainly depends upon crop sowing date, crop growth stages, crop duration and climatic conditions during the growing season of an individual crop. A good estimate of evapotranspiration is essential for water balance irrigation scheduling and water resource planning and management. Since, direct measurement of ET₀ is difficult and time consuming, so most common practice is to estimate ET₀ from meteorological data available for the area employing empirical equations. 

There are numerous evapotranspiration equations developed and used by researchers but still there is confusion in selecting the reliable evapotranspiration estimation method for the area concerned. Some authors compared estimates of different ET₀ estimation methods for different regions of the world. Al-Ghobari compared five different methods: FAO-Penman, Jensen- Haise, Blaney and Criddle, Pan Evaporation and calibrated FAO-Penman for four areas under local conditions of Saudi Arabia. The results showed that estimated ET values were highly correlated with measured evapotranspiration values. (Read more)