Kaolin is a hydrated aluminum silicate (Al2O3·2SiO2·2H2O). It has a wide variety of industrial applications, due to its unique physical, physiochemical and chemical properties. These include paper coating and filling, refractory, fiberglass and insulation, rubber, paint, ceramics, and chemicals.
Clays are processed by mechanical methods, such as crushing, grinding, and screening, however, because clays are used in such a wide range of applications, it is often necessary to use other mechanical and chemical processes, such as drying, calcining, bleaching, blunging, and extruding to prepare the material for use. Kaolin samples originally exhibit white color with high clay brightness, but it mainly contains various amounts, of discoloring elements, such as anatase (TiO2), mica and iron oxides (Fe2O3), which give low brightness and low quality. In addition, the anatase (titaniferrous) and mica can also contain iron contaminants.
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